Improvement in metallurgic-furnace linings



S. LANSDUWNE. Meta'llurgic Furnace Linngs.4 NQ 137,554IParentedApri'l8,ra73.

U'Nrrnn STATES PATENT Qrrion.

SAMUEL LANSDOWNE, 0F SHARON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF ANDRICHARD DAVIS, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN METALLURGlC-FURNACE LININGS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 137,554, dated April8,1873; application iiled July 26, 1872.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known thatl, SAMUEL LANsDowNE, of Sharon, in the county of Mercerand State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new' and useful Improvementin Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawing forming part of this specication, which is a longitudinalvertical section of a puddling-furnace, illustrating my improvement.

My invention relates to the construction of 1n etallurgic-furnaces, andconsists in the parts and things hereinafter claimed.

The form and general features of the furnace are the same as those incommon use. The frame of the furnace is constructed of cast-iron, ofwhich the parts forming the bed, the neck, fire-bridge, and the sides ofthe firechamber are made hollow. Extending through the hearth a, sidesal, roof a2, and jambs a3, is an air-chamber, b, into which the air isforced through the opening c, and from which it escapes through theopening cl into the ash-pit e. In the sides of the neck f and stack g,which are also made hollow, is a second chamber, h, into which water isadmitted by a suitable opening, h1, and in which it is heated. Afterbeing heated it passes out the opening h2 and through the pipe h3forward to athird chamber, i, which extends throughout the hollow sidesand top of the fire-chamber 7c and the nre-bridge Z. This chamber is inreality a steam-generator, in which the water, previously heated in thechamber h, is turned into steam, after which it is taken off by asteam-pipe to a drum to be used for operating an engine, or for vanyother desired purpose. The outer surface of the top, jambs, and back ofthe furnace, and the inner sides of the iire-chamber,I line, as at m,with a composition consisting of cement, Kentucky clay, nre-brick dust,and sand, in equal or nearly equal parts. These ingredients are mixedwith water to the consistency of mortar, applied to the parts named, andallowed to dry by a gen-` tle heat, when the covering thus made willlast a long time, but must occasionally be renewed in the fire-chamber.The inside of the bed I line, as at n, with a composition consisting ofMissouri iron ore, Lake Superior iron ore, Port Entry iron ore,limestone, and charcoal cinders, all pulverized and mixed together withWater in. equal or nearly equal parts to the consistency of mortar. Thewhole inner surface of the bed A and neck f is lined with thiscomposition, which is greatly superior to fire-brick or tile for this`urpose, since if the brick is exposed it melt down into the iron andspoils the whole heat,-while if this does melt the ingredients are suchas will not injure but rather aid the quality of the iron. Thegrate-bars o are mounted upon a turning bar or pivot, o1, which isoperated by a crank. The purpose is to agitate or shake up the firethoroughly, so as to accelerate combustion to break up the clinkerswhich are formed there-l in, and to aid in the operation of cleaning outthe grate. In the grate-bars o o are a series of openings, o2 o2, whichare for the purpose of letting air up through them into the iire.

Air from the chamber bis admitted through the opening clinto the ash-pite, from whence it ascends and forms a draft into the tire-chamber k,causes a more vivid combustion and greater heat. By this arrangement Iam enabled to utilize coal containing' a. considerable percentage ofsulphur, which has heretofore been totally unfit for the purpose. Forthis purpose I mix the sulphurous coal-slack with good coal and placethem both in the fire chamber. The draft or blast from below drives thesulphur, when eliminated, off through the opening p, which is partiallyclosed with a piece of coal. i

This furnace requires iixin g when used, the lining described beingsimply a substitute for a brick lining.

The principal functions of the chambers b, h, and c' are to cool theparts through which they extend so as to keep them from burning. Bymeans of the water-chambers h and c I utilize heat, which otherwisewould be waste, and at the same time generate steam with but littlecost.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. A chamber, h, in the neck and stack of the furnace, communicating, bya pipe, 71,3,Witl1 the chamber i, arranged and combined substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

2. A furnace lined on its exterior, as at m,

- and in the lire-chamber with a composition consistingof cement,Kentucky clay, lire-brick dust, and sand, prepared with Water,substantially as described.

3. A lining for furnaces, Src., consisting` of cement, Kentucky clay, rebrick dust, and sand, prepared as described.

4. A lining for the insides of furnaces, consisting of Missouri ironore, Lake Superior iron ore, Port Entry iron ore, limestone, andcharcoal cinders, prepared substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I,'the said SAMUEL LANsDoWNE, have hereunto set myhand.

SAMUEL LANSDOWNE.

d Witnesses:

A. S. NIcHoLsoN, T. B. KEER.

